Trilogy Metals Inc. (NYSE American: TMQ) (TSX: TMQ)

Trilogy Metals Inc. (NYSE American: TMQ) (TSX: TMQ) is a North American mineral exploration and development company focused on advancing high-grade copper and critical mineral assets in Alaska. The company operates through Ambler Metals LLC, a 50/50 joint venture with South32 Ltd., and is progressing one of the world’s most prospective undeveloped polymetallic districts.

Trilogy is uniquely positioned with exposure to copper, zinc, lead, cobalt, silver, and gold—commodities vital to global electrification and energy transition. Its vision is to responsibly develop the Ambler Mining District into a premier domestic source of critical minerals while delivering long-term value to shareholders and local communities.

The company is guided by values of trust, respect, integrity, and partnership, and works closely with Alaska Native stakeholders to advance its strategy in a sustainable and inclusive manner.

Projects

Arctic Project

The Arctic project is Trilogy’s flagship asset and one of the highest-grade known copper deposits in the world, with an average grade of approximately 5% copper equivalent. Located roughly 470 kilometers northwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, Arctic is a volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit hosting copper, zinc, lead, gold, and silver. The project is at the feasibility stage and is currently undergoing permitting activities.

According to the 2023 Feasibility Study, Arctic will support a 10,000 tonne-per-day open-pit mining operation over a 13-year mine life. Based on long-term metal prices of $3.65/lb copper, $1.15/lb zinc, $1.00/lb lead, $1,650/oz gold, and $21.00/oz silver, the project demonstrates a pre-tax NPV8% of $1.5 billion and an IRR of 25.8%. After-tax, the NPV8% is $1.1 billion with a 22.8% IRR. At April 2025 spot metal prices, the after-tax NPV8% increases to $1.9 billion with a 31.1% IRR.

The project’s metallurgy supports high recoveries: 92.1% for copper, 88.5% for zinc, and 61.3% for lead. Life-of-mine payable production is projected to total 1.9 billion pounds of copper, 2.2 billion pounds of zinc, 335 million pounds of lead, 423,000 ounces of gold, and 36 million ounces of silver. Cash costs are expected to average $0.72 per pound of payable copper, with all-in costs estimated at $1.61 per pound.

Bornite Project

Located approximately 25 kilometers southwest of Arctic, the Bornite project is a large-scale carbonate replacement copper deposit with significant upside. According to the 2025 Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA), Bornite is expected to support a 6,000 tonne-per-day underground operation over a 17-year mine life, using re-purposed infrastructure from the Arctic Project.

Bornite contains an estimated 6.5 billion pounds of inferred copper. The PEA outlines pre-tax NPV8% of $552.1 million and IRR of 23.6%, with an after-tax NPV8% of $393.9 million and IRR of 20.0%, based on a copper price of $4.20/lb. Total payable copper production over the life of mine is projected at 1.9 billion pounds.

Bornite’s mineralization occurs in stacked, stratabound zones rich in chalcopyrite, bornite, and chalcocite. A subset of the South Reef zone offers high-grade underground mining potential, further enhancing Bornite’s future optionality.

Exploration Pipeline

The Upper Kobuk Mineral Projects span 471,796 acres and include more than 30 additional mineralized prospects beyond Arctic and Bornite. These lie along two geologically distinct and highly mineralized belts: the Ambler Schist Belt and the Bornite Carbonate Sequence.

The Ambler Schist Belt features multiple VMS-style prospects along its 100-kilometer strike length, including Sunshine, Snow, Nora, Shungnak, and BT. Neighboring deposits like Smucker (Teck) and Sun (Valhalla Metals) affirm the district’s regional potential. Ten of Trilogy’s VMS prospects have been drill tested with encouraging results.

Meanwhile, the Bornite Carbonate Sequence extends 16 kilometers along the Cosmos Hills and hosts additional targets such as Pardner Hill and Aurora Mountain. These zones show strong signs of copper and cobalt mineralization and were partially tested during the Kennecott era, suggesting significant room for expansion.

Together, these assets form the foundation of a multi-decade development and discovery platform in one of the most prospective undeveloped mining districts in North America.

Market Opportunity

Trilogy Metals is poised to benefit from long-term structural demand for copper and other critical minerals essential to electrification, energy infrastructure, and clean technologies. Copper, in particular, is expected to see major supply shortfalls due to underinvestment and accelerating demand from power grids, EVs, and data centers.

According to a Grand View Research report, the global copper market is projected to grow from $241.88 billion in 2024 to $339.95 billion by 2030, at a CAGR of 6.5%, driven by the energy transition and rising infrastructure investments.

Trilogy’s Arctic and Bornite projects are strategically located in Alaska, a top-tier mining jurisdiction with strong permitting frameworks and growing federal and state-level support, including recent executive orders streamlining approvals for the Ambler Access Project. The company also maintains a $50 million shelf prospectus and an active $25 million ATM equity program to fund future development.

Leadership Team

Tony Giardini, President and Chief Executive Officer, leads Trilogy Metals with extensive executive experience in the mining industry. He previously served as President of Ivanhoe Mines Ltd., and as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at Kinross Gold Corporation. Earlier in his career, he held senior roles at Placer Dome Inc. and KPMG. Mr. Giardini is both a Chartered Professional Accountant and a Certified Public Accountant.

Elaine M. Sanders, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary, brings over 25 years of financial and accounting experience to Trilogy. She is responsible for the company’s financial reporting, compliance, and governance functions. Ms. Sanders has overseen multiple financings and exchange listings throughout her career. She holds a Bachelor of Commerce from the University of Alberta and is both a Chartered Professional Accountant and Certified Public Accountant.

Richard Gosse, Vice President, Exploration, is a veteran geologist with 35 years of global exploration experience. He previously led exploration initiatives at Dundee Precious Metals and Ivanhoe Mines Ltd., where he oversaw the discovery efforts at the renowned Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold project in Mongolia. Mr. Gosse holds a B.Sc. in Geology from Queen’s University and an M.Sc. in Mineral Exploration from Imperial College London.